IL-10 human

General description
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an immunosuppressive cytokine produced by a variety of mammalian cell types including macrophages, monocytes, T cells, B cells and keratinocytes.[1] Human IL-10 active on murine cells, but murine IL-10 is inactive on human cells. The gene encoding this protein is localized on human chromosome 1q31-32.[2] Recombinant human IL-10 is an 18.6 kDa protein of 161 amino acid residues. Interleukin 10 (IL-10) comprises interferon IFN-γ fold and exists as a symmetric homodimer. It shares structural similarity with interferon γ (IFN-γ).[3] Application
Interleukin 10 (IL-10) human has been used in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.[4] Biochem/physiol Actions
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory protein that inhibits the expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Like IL-4, IL-10 enhances humoral immune responses and attenuates cell-mediated immune reactions. It inhibits the production of IFN-γ and antigen-specific proliferation of type-1 T helper cells (Th1). It protects the host tissue from damage during immune responses. The protein has a role in modulating viral immunity. IL-10 enhances cytokine production, natural killer cell proliferation and cytotoxicity in vitro.[1][5] IL-10 is an immunosuppressive cytokine.[6] It promotes wound repair and functions to resolve inflammation in the central nervous system.[6] IL-10 mediates its signaling function through the interleukin receptors namely, IL-10RA and two IL-10RBs.[7] The expression of IL-10 is regulated by signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS3) ratios. Polymorphisms in the IL-10 gene is implicated in breast cancer.[7] Physical form
Lyophilized from 20 mM Sodium Phosphate, pH 7.2.
Preparation Note
Centrifuge the vial prior to opening. Reconstitute in water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/ml. Do not vortex. This solution can be stored at 2-8°C for up to 1 week. For extended storage, it is recommended to further dilute in a buffer containing a carrier protein (example 0.1% BSA) and store in working aliquots at -20°C to -80°C.