TNF-α human

General description
TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor α) is a pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine secreted by various cells including adipocytes, activated monocytes, macrophages, B cells, T cells and fibroblasts.[1][2] It belongs to the TNF family of ligands and signals through two receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2.[3] The gene is mapped to human chromosome 6p21.3.[4] Recombinant human TNF-α is a soluble 157 amino acid protein (17.4kDa) which corresponds to C-terminal extracellular domain of the full length transmembrane protein.
Application
TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor α) human has been used as a positive control for induction of proinflammatory genes in human intestinal and hepatic cell lines.[4] Biochem/physiol Actions
TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor α) is cytotoxic to a wide variety of tumor cells and is an essential factor in mediating the immune response against bacterial infections. However, it can be a tumor promoter as well as a tumor suppressor.[3][2] TNF-α also plays a role in the induction of septic shock, autoimmune diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammation, apoptosis and diabetes.[5][6][7][8][9] It is also associated with mood and anxiety disorders.[10] Physical form
Lyophilized from 10 mM Sodium Phosphate, pH 7.4 + 0.5mM DTT.
Preparation Note
It is recommended to centrifuge the vial beforereconstitution. A stock solution may be prepared byreconstitution in sterile water to a concentration of0.1 mg/mL. The stock solution may be diluted furtherusing culture media.
Store the product at −20 °C. After reconstitution, theproduct can be stored at 2-8 °C for up to 1 month.For extended storage, freeze in working aliquots.Repeated freezing and thawing are not recommended.Do not store in a frost-free freezer.
Other Notes
VRSSSRTPSD KPVAHVVANP QAEGQLQWLN RRANALLANG VELRDNQLVV PSEGLYLIYS QVLFKGQGCP STHVLLTHTI SRIAVSYQTK VNLLSAIKSP CQRETPEGAE AKPWYEPIYL GGVFQLEKGD RLSAEINRPD YLDFAESGQV YFGIIAL